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Comparative Study of the Concept of Form in the Aesthetics of Thomas Aquinas and Russian Formalists
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Majid Kianian *   , Mahdi Hamidi Parsa |
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Abstract: (22 Views) |
This study aims to explore the concept of "form" as a key element in aesthetics within two distinct intellectual systems: the metaphysical philosophy of Thomas Aquinas and the structuralist perspective of Russian Formalism. The research assumes that in the aesthetics of Aquinas, "form" acts as an essential substance that actualizes and serves as a goal-oriented criterion for beauty, whereas in Russian Formalism, "form" represents an autonomous structure in art with independent aesthetic value from content and meaning. Using a comparative approach, the study analyzes how these two perspectives define and interpret the role of "form" in the concept of beauty and art. The findings reveal that Aquinas presented "form" as the intrinsic essence of objects that connects existence and beauty through the realization of perfection, proportion, and clarity. This perspective emphasizes the relationship of form with a divine purpose, truth, and goodness. On the other hand, Russian formalists define "form" as a structure entirely separate from content and metaphysical notions, seeking artistic value solely within the inner dynamics of the work’s elements. While Aquinas views form as a medium for understanding the supreme purpose of existence, formalists focus on form as an independent entity expressing artistic beauty through its self-contained aesthetic system. The comparison between these two approaches highlights both fundamental differences and shared recognition of "form" as a central component in defining, perceiving, and evaluating beauty and art. |
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| Keywords: Form, Aesthetics, Thomas Aquinas, Russian Formalism, Comparative Study |
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Full-Text [PDF 598 kb]
(11 Downloads)
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Type of Study: Research |
Subject:
Special
Received: 2025/05/11 | Accepted: 2025/10/26
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