fa «آنری ملدینه: درباره ریتم و استتیک» تخصصي Special پژوهشي Research <span style="font-family:tahoma;"><span style="font-size:11.5pt;">واژه</span> <span style="font-size:11.5pt;">استتیک</span> <span style="font-size:11.5pt;">نزد</span> <span style="font-size:11.5pt;">ملدینه</span> <span style="font-size:11.5pt;">به</span> <span style="font-size:11.5pt;">دو</span> <span style="font-size:11.5pt;">معنا</span> <span style="font-size:11.5pt;">به</span> <span style="font-size:11.5pt;">کار</span> <span style="font-size:11.5pt;">می‌رود</span><span dir="LTR"><span style="font-size:11.5pt;">. </span></span><span style="font-size:11.5pt;">یکی</span> <span style="font-size:11.5pt;">به</span> <span style="font-size:11.5pt;">معنای</span> <span style="font-size:11.5pt;">احساس</span> <span style="font-size:11.5pt;">و</span> <span style="font-size:11.5pt;">دیگری</span> <span style="font-size:11.5pt;">به</span> <span style="font-size:11.5pt;">معنای</span> <span style="font-size:11.5pt;">زیباشناسی</span> <span style="font-size:11.5pt;">هنری</span> <span style="font-size:11.5pt;">که</span> <span style="font-size:11.5pt;">درباره</span> <span style="font-size:11.5pt;">هنر</span> <span style="font-size:11.5pt;">و</span> <span style="font-size:11.5pt;">زیبایی</span> <span style="font-size:11.5pt;">بحث</span> <span style="font-size:11.5pt;">می‌کند</span><span dir="LTR"><span style="font-size:11.5pt;">. </span></span><span style="font-size:11.5pt;">در</span> <span style="font-size:11.5pt;">هر</span> <span style="font-size:11.5pt;">دو</span> <span style="font-size:11.5pt;">شق</span> <span style="font-size:11.5pt;">نقطه</span> <span style="font-size:11.5pt;">مشترک حول</span> <span style="font-size:11.5pt;">محور</span> <span style="font-size:11.5pt;">مفهوم</span> <span style="font-size:11.5pt;">ریتم می‌گردد. با</span> <span style="font-size:11.5pt;">این</span> <span style="font-size:11.5pt;">محور</span> <span style="font-size:11.5pt;">به</span> <span style="font-size:11.5pt;">بررسی</span> <span style="font-size:11.5pt;">هر</span> <span style="font-size:11.5pt;">دو</span> <span style="font-size:11.5pt;">معنای</span> <span style="font-size:11.5pt;">استتیک</span> <span style="font-size:11.5pt;">خواهیم</span> <span style="font-size:11.5pt;">پرداخت. مسئله</span> <span style="font-size:11.5pt;">مورد</span> <span style="font-size:11.5pt;">بررسی</span> <span style="font-size:11.5pt;">چگونگی</span> <span style="font-size:11.5pt;">گذر</span> <span style="font-size:11.5pt;">از</span> <span style="font-size:11.5pt;">محدودیت</span> <span style="font-size:11.5pt;">ابژکتیویسم</span> <span style="font-size:11.5pt;">و</span> <span style="font-size:11.5pt;">سوبژکتیویسم</span> <span style="font-size:11.5pt;">در</span> <span style="font-size:11.5pt;">استتیک</span> <span style="font-size:11.5pt;">با</span> <span style="font-size:11.5pt;">توسل</span> <span style="font-size:11.5pt;">به</span> <span style="font-size:11.5pt;">ریتم</span> <span style="font-size:11.5pt;">نزد</span> <span style="font-size:11.5pt;">آنری</span> <span style="font-size:11.5pt;">ملدینه</span> <span style="font-size:11.5pt;">است. اهم</span> <span style="font-size:11.5pt;">مفاهیم</span> <span style="font-size:11.5pt;">استتیک</span> <span style="font-size:11.5pt;">آنری</span> <span style="font-size:11.5pt;">ملدینه</span> <span style="font-size:11.5pt;">را</span> <span style="font-size:11.5pt;">ریتم،</span> <span style="font-size:11.5pt;">یک</span> <span style="font-size:11.5pt;">زمان - فضای</span> <span style="font-size:11.5pt;">درون &ndash; تا -</span> <span style="font-size:11.5pt;">خورده</span> <span style="font-size:11.5pt;">در</span> <span style="font-size:11.5pt;">ریتم،</span> <span style="font-size:11.5pt;">بحران،</span> <span style="font-size:11.5pt;">آشوب</span> <span style="font-size:11.5pt;">و</span> <span style="font-size:11.5pt;">تکوین</span> <span style="font-size:11.5pt;">بعد</span> <span style="font-size:11.5pt;">ریتمیک</span> <span style="font-size:11.5pt;">یعنی</span> <span style="font-size:11.5pt;">موتیف</span> <span style="font-size:11.5pt;">به</span> <span style="font-size:11.5pt;">عنوان</span> <span style="font-size:11.5pt;">شرط</span> <span style="font-size:11.5pt;">تجربه</span> <span style="font-size:11.5pt;">زیباشناختی</span> <span style="font-size:11.5pt;">شکل</span> <span style="font-size:11.5pt;">می‌دهد. به علاوه</span> <span style="font-size:11.5pt;">دو</span> <span style="font-size:11.5pt;">معنای</span> <span style="font-size:11.5pt;">استتیک</span> <span style="font-size:11.5pt;">یکی</span> <span style="font-size:11.5pt;">به</span> <span style="font-size:11.5pt;">معنای</span> <span style="font-size:11.5pt;">حسیات</span> <span style="font-size:11.5pt;">و</span> <span style="font-size:11.5pt;">دیگری</span> <span style="font-size:11.5pt;">تأمل</span> <span style="font-size:11.5pt;">در</span> <span style="font-size:11.5pt;">امر</span> <span style="font-size:11.5pt;">زیبا</span> <span style="font-size:11.5pt;">و</span> <span style="font-size:11.5pt;">تئوری</span> <span style="font-size:11.5pt;">هنر،</span> <span style="font-size:11.5pt;">در</span> <span style="font-size:11.5pt;">نقطه</span> <span style="font-size:11.5pt;">تشکیلِ</span> <span style="font-size:11.5pt;">درک زیباشناسی</span> <span style="font-size:11.5pt;">یا</span> <span style="font-size:11.5pt;">بعدِ</span> <span style="font-size:11.5pt;">ریتمیک</span> <span style="font-size:11.5pt;">در</span> <span style="font-size:11.5pt;">اثر</span> <span style="font-size:11.5pt;">هنری</span> <span style="font-size:11.5pt;">کنار</span> <span style="font-size:11.5pt;">هم</span> <span style="font-size:11.5pt;">می‌آیند</span><span dir="LTR"><span style="font-size:11.5pt;">. </span></span><span style="font-size:11.5pt;">همانگونه</span> <span style="font-size:11.5pt;">که</span> <span style="font-size:11.5pt;">ریتم</span> <span style="font-size:11.5pt;">تنظیم‌کننده</span> <span style="font-size:11.5pt;">موقعیت</span> <span style="font-size:11.5pt;">هستنده</span> <span style="font-size:11.5pt;">است،</span> <span style="font-size:11.5pt;">فعالیتی</span> <span style="font-size:11.5pt;">است</span> <span style="font-size:11.5pt;">که</span> <span style="font-size:11.5pt;">کثرتِ</span> <span style="font-size:11.5pt;">داده‌ها</span> <span style="font-size:11.5pt;">را</span> <span style="font-size:11.5pt;">در</span> <span style="font-size:11.5pt;">سطح</span> <span style="font-size:11.5pt;">اثر</span> <span style="font-size:11.5pt;">هنری</span> <span style="font-size:11.5pt;">گرد</span> <span style="font-size:11.5pt;">هم</span> <span style="font-size:11.5pt;">می‌آورد،</span> <span style="font-size:11.5pt;">با</span> <span style="font-size:11.5pt;">کنار</span> <span style="font-size:11.5pt;">گذاشتن</span> <span style="font-size:11.5pt;">تعدادی،</span> <span style="font-size:11.5pt;">پاره‌ای</span> <span style="font-size:11.5pt;">از</span> <span style="font-size:11.5pt;">آن‌ها</span> <span style="font-size:11.5pt;">را</span> <span style="font-size:11.5pt;">درهم</span> <span style="font-size:11.5pt;">می‌تند</span> <span style="font-size:11.5pt;">و</span> <span style="font-size:11.5pt;">منجر</span> <span style="font-size:11.5pt;">به</span> <span style="font-size:11.5pt;">شکل‌گیری</span> <span style="font-size:11.5pt;">موتیف</span> <span style="font-size:11.5pt;">به‌عنوان</span> <span style="font-size:11.5pt;">شاکله‌ای</span> <span style="font-size:11.5pt;">می‌شود</span> <span style="font-size:11.5pt;">که</span> <span style="font-size:11.5pt;">اثر</span> <span style="font-size:11.5pt;">نقاشانه</span> <span style="font-size:11.5pt;">را</span> <span style="font-size:11.5pt;">تولید</span> <span style="font-size:11.5pt;">می‌کند.</span> <span style="font-size:11.5pt;">ریتم</span> <span style="font-size:11.5pt;">بر</span> <span style="font-size:11.5pt;">بنیادِ</span> <span style="font-size:11.5pt;">بعد</span> <span style="font-size:11.5pt;">ریتمیک</span> <span style="font-size:11.5pt;">و</span> <span style="font-size:11.5pt;">د‌رک زیباشناسی</span> <span style="font-size:11.5pt;">شکل</span> <span style="font-size:11.5pt;">می‌گیرد</span><span dir="LTR"><span style="font-size:11.5pt;">. </span></span><span style="font-size:11.5pt;">استتیک</span> <span style="font-size:11.5pt;">ملدینه</span> <span style="font-size:11.5pt;">با</span> <span style="font-size:11.5pt;">شرح</span> <span style="font-size:11.5pt;">تکوینِ</span> <span style="font-size:11.5pt;">بعد ریتمیک</span> <span style="font-size:11.5pt;">یا</span> <span style="font-size:11.5pt;">موتیف</span> <span style="font-size:11.5pt;">به</span> <span style="font-size:11.5pt;">عنوان</span> <span style="font-size:11.5pt;">واکنش</span> <span style="font-size:11.5pt;">اول</span> <span style="font-size:11.5pt;">به</span> <span style="font-size:11.5pt;">آشوب</span> <span style="font-size:11.5pt;">داده‌ها</span> <span style="font-size:11.5pt;">و</span> <span style="font-size:11.5pt;">یا</span> <span style="font-size:11.5pt;">ماده</span> <span style="font-size:11.5pt;">و</span> <span style="font-size:11.5pt;">ریتم</span> <span style="font-size:11.5pt;">به</span> <span style="font-size:11.5pt;">عنوان</span> <span style="font-size:11.5pt;">دومین</span> <span style="font-size:11.5pt;">واکنش</span> <span style="font-size:11.5pt;">به</span> <span style="font-size:11.5pt;">آن،</span> <span style="font-size:11.5pt;">رویکردی</span> <span style="font-size:11.5pt;">پساکانتی</span> <span style="font-size:11.5pt;">دارد</span><span dir="LTR"><span style="font-size:11.5pt;">.</span></span></span><br> &nbsp; <span dir="LTR">Henri Maldiney has applied two meanings to aesthetics. One is related to sensation, another is belong to theory of art and artistic aesthetic. In both definitions there is a common point, rhythm. Rhythm goes beyond the limits of its definition in music and painting. Also, it resolves the objective and subjective limitation in aesthetics. Rhythm is a kind of ontological term which bring together heterogenous parts. In this paper I elucidate the formation of rhythm and show the relationship between these two meanings of asthetics. </span><br> <span dir="LTR">The important concepts in Maldiney&rsquo;s aesthetics include rhythm, space-time which is implicated in rhythm, existential crisis, chaos, genesis of rhythmic dimension and last but not least the motif. Two meanings of aesthetics are related together in the point of formation of aesthetics or rhythmic dimension in artistic work. Rhythm on the one hand is modulation of being/artist in different situations or possibilities of existence and on the other hand, is an operation which bring together the different Givens and parts in the surface of artistic works. Rhythm is grounded on aesthetic dimension. According to this, it&rsquo;s possible to read Maldiney&rsquo;s aesthetics post. kantian one.</span> آفرینش, استتیک, اگزیستانسیال, ریتم, بحران گشودگی, موتیف aesthetics, rhythm, existential crisis, sensation, creation, motif 19 32 http://kimiahonar.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-1-166&slc_lang=fa&sid=1 Farideh Afarin فریده آفرین F.Afarin@semnan.ac.ir 10031947532846002403 10031947532846002403 Yes