fa تحلیل نگاره‌های قتل و سوگواری در شاهنامهٔ ایلخانی با تکیه بر نشانه‌شناسی رولان بارت تخصصي Special پژوهشي Research <div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size:12px;"><span style="font-family:Tahoma;"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <i><span lang="AR-SA"><span style="color:black">شاهنامۀ</span></span></i> <span lang="AR-SA"><span style="color:black">فردوسی،</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span style="color:black">از</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span style="color:black">جمله</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span style="color:black">آثار ادبی است که</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span style="color:black">در آن روایات قتل قهرمانان و</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span style="color:black">سوگواری بر آنها</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span style="color:black">بیان</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span style="color:black">شده</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span style="color:black">و</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span style="color:black">در</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span style="color:black">برخی</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span style="color:black">از</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span style="color:black">نسخ</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span style="color:black">مصور</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span style="color:black">آن،</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span style="color:black">نگاره&shy;‌هایی</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span style="color:black">با</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span style="color:black">مضمون سوگواری</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span style="color:black">مصور</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span style="color:black">شده‌&shy;اند. نگارگران <i>شاهنامهٔ</i></span></span><i> </i><i><span lang="AR-SA"><span style="color:black">ایلخانی</span></span></i> <span lang="AR-SA"><span style="color:black">که یکی</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span style="color:black">از</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span style="color:black">شاهکارهای</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span style="color:black">عصر</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span style="color:black">مغول</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span style="color:black">و</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span style="color:black">مکتب اول</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span style="color:black">تبریز</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span style="color:black">است، به</span></span><span lang="FA"><span style="color:black">‌</span></span><span lang="AR-SA"><span style="color:black">کرات نگاره‌&shy;های قتل و سوگواری را در این اثر به تصویر کشیده‌&shy;اند. در باب مطالعۀ نگاره&shy;‌هایی با این مضامین در <i>شاهنامۀ</i></span></span><i> </i><i><span lang="AR-SA"><span style="color:black">ایلخانی</span></span></i><span lang="AR-SA"><span style="color:black">،</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span style="color:black">صرفاً</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span style="color:black">با</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span style="color:black">تکیه</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span style="color:black">بر</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span style="color:black">متن</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span style="color:black">و اشعار <i>شاهنامه</i></span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span style="color:black">درک</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span style="color:black">چندان</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span style="color:black">درستی</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span style="color:black">از نشانه‌&shy;ها و مفاهیم بصری</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span style="color:black">موجود</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span style="color:black">در</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span style="color:black">نگاره&shy;ها</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span style="color:black">حاصل نمی‌&shy;شود. لذا در این</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span style="color:black">پژوهش</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span style="color:black">نگاره&shy;‌های</span></span><span lang="FA"><span style="color:black"> قتل و سوگواری در <i>شاهنامۀ ایلخانی</i> براساس نشانه&shy;‌شناسی رولان بارت</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span style="color:black">بررسی</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span style="color:black">شده است</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span style="color:black">و نتایج نشان</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span style="color:black">می&shy;‌دهد </span></span><span lang="FA"><span style="color:black">نگاره&shy;‌های <i>شاهنامۀ ایلخانی</i>، این اثر ارزشمند، که پدیدآورندگان آن اهدافی والاتر از صرف خلق یک اثر هنری داشته&shy;‌اند، نه&shy; تنها سیر آفرینش و تکامل هنر ایرانی را به نمایش می‌&shy;گذارد، بلکه بازتابی از اعتقادات، باورها، جریانات اجتماعی-&shy;سیاسی و نشانه&shy;‌هایی از ایران در دورۀ مغول است. </span></span><span lang="AR-SA"><span style="color:black">نگاره&shy;‌های</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span style="color:black">انتخابی</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span style="color:black">از</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span style="color:black">این</span></span> <i><span lang="AR-SA"><span style="color:black">شاهنامه</span></span></i><span lang="AR-SA"><span style="color:black"> با مضمون قتل و سوگ،</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span style="color:black">با</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span style="color:black">دیدگاهی متفاوت</span></span><span lang="FA"><span style="color:black">، </span></span><span lang="AR-SA"><span style="color:black">براساس &laquo;نشانه&shy;‌شناسی رولان بارت&raquo; مورد</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span style="color:black">تجزیه و</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span style="color:black">تحلیل</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span style="color:black">ساختاری و محتوایی قرار گرفته است. با تشریح و آشکارسازی ارتباط دلالت&shy;‌های صریح-ضمنی، میان</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span style="color:black">متن و</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span style="color:black">تصویر، بیان شد که دلالت &shy;صریح نگاره&shy;&shy;‌های سوگ بر متن اصلی و مکتوب (سروده‌&shy;های <i>شاهنامه</i>) دلالت دارد. در بررسی دلالت‌&shy;های &shy;ضمنی، ارتباط سوگ&shy;‌نگاره&shy;‌ها به وضعیت مردم ایران پس از حمله و قتل&shy;‌عام مغول دلالت دارد. در تحلیل دلالت‌&shy;ضمنی دوم نیز می&shy;توان گفت نگاره&shy;‌های قتل و سوگواری در این <i>شاهنامه </i>با تأکید وزیر وقت، خواجه غیاث‌&shy;الدین‌&shy;محمد، به</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span style="color:black">بزرگداشت</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span style="color:black">خاطره</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span style="color:black">قتل</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span style="color:black">پدرش، خواجه</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span style="color:black">فضل&shy;‌الله</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span style="color:black">همدانی، دلالت دارد.</span></span><span dir="LTR"><span style="color:black"></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <br> &nbsp;</div> <div></div> <span style="font-size:12px;"><span style="font-family:Tahoma;"><span style="line-height:normal">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <span style="color:black">Ferdowsi&#39;s <i>Shahnameh</i> is one of the literary works</span> <span style="color:black">in which the narratives of the heroes&#39;</span>&nbsp;<span style="color:black">assassination and mourning for them are expressed, and in some of its visual versions, images with the theme of mourning have been depicted.</span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA"><span style="color:black">&shy; </span></span><span style="color:black">The painters of <i>Ilkhani&#39;s Shahnameh</i>, one of the masterpieces of the Mongol epoch and the first school of Tabriz, have frequently portrayed images of assassination and mourning in this masterpiece. In terms of studying paintings with these themes in <i>Ilkhani&#39;s Shahnameh</i>, a</span>&nbsp;<span style="color:black">correct understanding of the signs and visual concepts of the paintings is not achieved by only relying on the text and poems of the <i>Shahnameh</i>. Thus, in this research, the images of assassination and mourning in <i>Ilkhani&#39;s Shahnameh</i> have been analyzed based on Rolan Barthes&#39; semiotics. The consequences show that the paintings in <i>Ilkhani&#39;s Shahnameh</i>, this worthwhile masterpiece, whose creators had more elevated dreams than just creating a work of art, not only reflects on the procedure of creation and evolution of Iranian art but also mirrors creeds, beliefs, socio-political currents and signs of Iran in the Mongol epoch. Selected images from this Shahname with the theme of assassination and mourning have been subjected to structural and content analysis with a different viewpoint based on &quot;Rolan Barthes semiotics&quot;. By explaining and revealing the relationship between the explicit and implicit implications of the text and the imagery, it was stated that the explicit implication</span>&nbsp;<span style="color:black">of the mourning paintings refers to the original and written text (songs of the Shahname). Upon analyzing the implied implications, the connection of the mourning images</span>&nbsp;<span style="color:black">implies the situation of the Iranian people after the Mongol attack and massacre. In the analysis of the second implied implication, it can be said that the images of assassination, mourning, and funeral in <i>Shahnameh</i>, emphasizing the position of the current minister, Khwaja Ghiyath al-Din Muhammad, imply the immortality the memory of the assassination of his father, Sheikh Fazlullah Hamedani.</span></span><br> <br> <br> <br> &nbsp;</span></span> شاهنامۀ ایلخانی, سوگواری, نگارگری, دلالت‌صریح, دلالت‌ضمنی Ilkhani's Shahnameh, mourning, painting, explicit implication, implicit implication 1 21 http://kimiahonar.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-10688-1&slc_lang=fa&sid=1 Fatemeh Bagherizadeh فاطمه باقری‌زاده f.bagherizadeh@aui.ac.ir 10031947532846007534 10031947532846007534 No Art University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran Zeynab Saber زینب صابر z.saber@aui.ac.ir 10031947532846007535 10031947532846007535 Yes Art University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran